(Solved): Assignment 2: Punnett Squares STRING METHODS, FUNCTIONS, DECISION AND REPETITION STRUCTURES Backgrou ...

Assignment 2: Punnett Squares STRING METHODS, FUNCTIONS, DECISION AND REPETITION STRUCTURES Background - Mendel's Laws& the MonoHybrid Cross: An organism's appearance (phenotype) depends on its genetic makeup (genotype). Through the process of melosis, parents produce gametes (sperm and egg) and simplified setting. gametes are a random 50:50 distribution of will independently follow this process When the parents breed through offspring with a particular genotype. that contain half of each's genetic make-up. In an idea gene types (allelesj for a single trait. Each trait sexual reproduction a gamete from each is combined together to produce an in our example the resulting appearance, the phenotype, of the organism follows simple Mendelian inheritance where one allele shows complete dominance over the recessive alltele. The image on the left, called a Punnett Square. Iit shows the genotypes of the parents (a green banana yy crossed with a yellow banana Yy) and the potential resulfting genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring when these parents breed This Punnett square shows that a yy green parent crossed with a Yy yellow parent wil theoreticoly produce 50% yelow offspring my genotype) When the genotype of the parents are diffierent, the percentage of their offspring's phenotypes would be different too: .aYYcrossed with yy would produce 100% yelow offspring. .Atycrossed with atywold produce 75% yelow offsprg and 25% I nd 50% geen ott ping by gerotype). green offspring. mt /COMMONs. w 3770 .Ayy crossed with a yy would pro uce 100% geen offspring maon.. nooweugeS01 This onfne Punnett the resulting offspring-be sure to set the number of traits in cross to 1 with the silding bar. set the Trait 1 dominant alele and to Show the Phenotype as a percent will let you experiment with various parental genotype and then show you Problem: Create a Monohybrid Cross Simulator Part 1: The Algorithm Using correct symbols, clear arrows, appropriate conditions and clear text,create a logically comect and legible flowchart solution that Let's the user test as many parental genotypes as they'd ke to test. . Asks the user to input each parents' genotypeflimited to these genotypes: yellow Y) and green (y where the Y allele has simple complete dominance overy The simulation then 'produces' 1000 random offspring from these parents where each run o Randomly invokes meiosis to produce each parents gametes o Undergoes fertilization to produce one offspring o Converts each the one offsprings genotype to phenotype. o Tallies the frequency of the phenotypes [remember: YY "looks" the same yy and Ty) Finaly the simulation outputs the frequency, as percentage, of each phenotype. . Part 2: A Python notebook Create syntactically and logically correct, runnable Python code that will simulate a monohybrid cross as described by your algorithm, The code must be sell-documenting, efficient and generalized as appropriate Functions ?e expected. Modules as appropriate. Steps to follow: I. Plan: Can you express the algorithm in your 'own words' (aka pseudocode) Can you make use of step-wise refinement to break this large problem into solvable sub-steps What conditions need to be made?-Simple, logical compounded What kind of decision structures are needed?- Single-outcome, double-outcome, chained-f or nested selections? What kinds and when do you need repetition structures? Defined, undefined? o o o What parts of the code are reused and 'should best be functions 2. Investigate Look onine for instructions on Python string slicing to allow you to occess characters from within a string as well as the Python string methods ike: str.isupper ) and str.isupper etc. You will need to use the functions within the random module, to have true random meiosis. . 3. Draw, alpha test and desk-check the flowchart before you... 4. Code and Test: . Echo print as needed to 'see' interim into, but comment away before submission. Test with 'known' and 'extreme' cases: o Use the onine Punnett Square simulator to test your program against the expected resuits: Does your progarm produce 75% yelow. 25% geen from a Yy parent crossed with another ry parent What should you get if a YY is crossed with a ry A detailed marking sheet will be supplied to indicate what marks will be allocated for the flowchart having a clear starting and ending point: using correct shapes; including clear arrows and labels; and that correctly solves' the problem. Marks for the Python code will be awarded for code that is free of syntax, run-time and logic errors: solves the problem with self-documenting code: is generalized with constants and functions as appropriate; uses correct and efficient selection structures; and that can correctly find the correct solutions using various test parental genotypes Submission: By the assigned due date, submit a single zip/archive folder, appropriately and properly named, which includes: 1. the flowchart of the algorithm in a PC compatible file format and 2. the ipynb notebook of your Python solution (and any py files for modules as deemed appropriate). Show transcribed image text Assignment 2: Punnett Squares STRING METHODS, FUNCTIONS, DECISION AND REPETITION STRUCTURES Background - Mendel's Laws& the MonoHybrid Cross: An organism's appearance (phenotype) depends on its genetic makeup (genotype). Through the process of melosis, parents produce gametes (sperm and egg) and simplified setting. gametes are a random 50:50 distribution of will independently follow this process When the parents breed through offspring with a particular genotype. that contain half of each's genetic make-up. In an idea gene types (allelesj for a single trait. Each trait sexual reproduction a gamete from each is combined together to produce an in our example the resulting appearance, the phenotype, of the organism follows simple Mendelian inheritance where one allele shows complete dominance over the recessive alltele. The image on the left, called a Punnett Square. Iit shows the genotypes of the parents (a green banana yy crossed with a yellow banana Yy) and the potential resulfting genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring when these parents breed This Punnett square shows that a yy green parent crossed with a Yy yellow parent wil theoreticoly produce 50% yelow offspring my genotype) When the genotype of the parents are diffierent, the percentage of their offspring's phenotypes would be different too: .aYYcrossed with yy would produce 100% yelow offspring. .Atycrossed with atywold produce 75% yelow offsprg and 25% I nd 50% geen ott ping by gerotype). green offspring. mt /COMMONs. w 3770 .Ayy crossed with a yy would pro uce 100% geen offspring maon.. nooweugeS01 This onfne Punnett the resulting offspring-be sure to set the number of traits in cross to 1 with the silding bar. set the Trait 1 dominant alele and to Show the Phenotype as a percent will let you experiment with various parental genotype and then show you Problem: Create a Monohybrid Cross Simulator Part 1: The Algorithm Using correct symbols, clear arrows, appropriate conditions and clear text,create a logically comect and legible flowchart solution that Let's the user test as many parental genotypes as they'd ke to test. . Asks the user to input each parents' genotypeflimited to these genotypes: yellow Y) and green (y where the Y allele has simple complete dominance overy The simulation then 'produces' 1000 random offspring from these parents where each run o Randomly invokes meiosis to produce each parents gametes o Undergoes fertilization to produce one offspring o Converts each the one offsprings genotype to phenotype. o Tallies the frequency of the phenotypes [remember: YY "looks" the same yy and Ty) Finaly the simulation outputs the frequency, as percentage, of each phenotype. .
Part 2: A Python notebook Create syntactically and logically correct, runnable Python code that will simulate a monohybrid cross as described by your algorithm, The code must be sell-documenting, efficient and generalized as appropriate Functions ?e expected. Modules as appropriate. Steps to follow: I. Plan: Can you express the algorithm in your 'own words' (aka pseudocode) Can you make use of step-wise refinement to break this large problem into solvable sub-steps What conditions need to be made?-Simple, logical compounded What kind of decision structures are needed?- Single-outcome, double-outcome, chained-f or nested selections? What kinds and when do you need repetition structures? Defined, undefined? o o o What parts of the code are reused and 'should best be functions 2. Investigate Look onine for instructions on Python string slicing to allow you to occess characters from within a string as well as the Python string methods ike: str.isupper ) and str.isupper etc. You will need to use the functions within the random module, to have true random meiosis. . 3. Draw, alpha test and desk-check the flowchart before you... 4. Code and Test: . Echo print as needed to 'see' interim into, but comment away before submission. Test with 'known' and 'extreme' cases: o Use the onine Punnett Square simulator to test your program against the expected resuits: Does your progarm produce 75% yelow. 25% geen from a Yy parent crossed with another ry parent What should you get if a YY is crossed with a ry A detailed marking sheet will be supplied to indicate what marks will be allocated for the flowchart having a clear starting and ending point: using correct shapes; including clear arrows and labels; and that correctly solves' the problem. Marks for the Python code will be awarded for code that is free of syntax, run-time and logic errors: solves the problem with self-documenting code: is generalized with constants and functions as appropriate; uses correct and efficient selection structures; and that can correctly find the correct solutions using various test parental genotypes Submission: By the assigned due date, submit a single zip/archive folder, appropriately and properly named, which includes: 1. the flowchart of the algorithm in a PC compatible file format and 2. the ipynb notebook of your Python solution (and any py files for modules as deemed appropriate).